Understanding Possession and Access Rights

Navigating the complexities of parenting time is a significant aspect of family law. Texas law places a strong emphasis on promoting regular and meaningful interaction between parents and their children. This segment delves into the concept of possession and access, outlining the standard possession order that outlines the schedule for each parent’s time with their child. Furthermore, we’ll explore flexible alternatives that can be tailored to fit your specific family dynamics.

Possession and Access

The standard possession order in Texas outlines visitation schedules for non-custodial parents, including weekends, school vacations, and holidays….

Possession and Access

Public policy in the State of Texas provides that it is in the best interest of the child to have frequent and ongoing contact with each parent. While there is much debate amongst parents, family law attorneys, and Judges about what that actually means, section 153.252 of the Texas Family Code provides that the standard possession order, enumerated below, presumably provides the reasonable minimum possession that is in the best interest of the child. Meaning, unless the parent can prove otherwise, this is the standard the courts are instructed to use when determining periods of possession and access for a parent named possessory conservator or who is a joint managing conservator, without the right to designate the primary residency. The language under section 153.312 of the Texas Family Code provides that the standard possession order looks as follows:

PARENTS WHO RESIDE 100 MILES OR LESS APART. 

a.If the possessory conservator resides 100 miles or less from the primary residence of the child, the possessory conservator shall have the right to possession of the child as follows:

  1. on weekends throughout the year beginning at 6 p.m. on the first, third, and fifth Friday of each month and ending at 6 p.m. on the following Sunday; and
  2. on Thursdays of each week during the regular school term beginning at 6 p.m. and ending at 8 p.m., unless the court finds that visitation under this subdivision is not in the best interest of the child.

b.The following provisions govern possession of the child for vacations and certain specific holidays and supersede conflicting weekend or Thursday periods of possession. The possessory conservator and the managing conservator shall have rights of possession of the child as follows:

  1. the possessory conservator shall have possession in even-numbered years, beginning at 6 p.m. on the day the child is dismissed from school for the school’s spring vacation and ending at 6 p.m. on the day before school resumes after that vacation, and the managing conservator shall have possession for the same period in odd-numbered years;
  2. if a possessory conservator:
  3. gives the managing conservator written notice by April 1 of each year specifying an extended period or periods of summer possession, the possessory conservator shall have possession of the child for 30 days beginning not earlier than the day after the child’s school is dismissed for the summer vacation and ending not later than seven days before school resumes at the end of the summer vacation, to be exercised in not more than two separate periods of at least seven consecutive days each, with each period of possession beginning and ending at 6 p.m. on each applicable day; or
  4. does not give the managing conservator written notice by April 1 of each year specifying an extended period or periods of summer possession, the possessory conservator shall have possession of the child for 30 consecutive days beginning at 6 p.m. on July 1 and ending at 6 p.m. on July 31;
  5. if the managing conservator gives the possessory conservator written notice by April 15 of each year, the managing conservator shall have possession of the child on any one weekend beginning Friday at 6 p.m. and ending at 6 p.m. on the following Sunday during one period of possession by the possessory conservator under Subdivision (2), provided that the managing conservator picks up the child from the possessory conservator and returns the child to that same place; and
  6. if the managing conservator gives the possessory conservator written notice by April 15 of each year or gives the possessory conservator 14 days’ written notice on or after April 16 of each year, the managing conservator may designate one weekend beginning not earlier than the day after the child’s school is dismissed for the summer vacation and ending not later than seven days before school resumes at the end of the summer vacation, during which an otherwise scheduled weekend period of possession by the possessory conservator will not take place, provided that the weekend designated does not interfere with the possessory conservator’s period or periods of extended summer possession or with Father’s Day if the possessory conservator is the father of the child.

c. Notwithstanding Section 153.316, after receiving notice from the managing conservator under Subsection (b)(3) of this section designating the summer weekend during which the managing conservator is to have possession of the child, the possessory conservator, not later than the 15th day before the Friday that begins that designated weekend, must give the managing conservator written notice of the location at which the managing conservator is to pick up and return the child.

As discussed at the beginning, the standard possession order is a rebuttal possession and you are not limited to just asking for this type of possession order. It is important to speak with an attorney that is familiar with the facts specific to your case so that you can work through the options that work best for all parties and is most appropriate in your circumstance.

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FAQs on Texas Custody Case Essentials

  • The Texas Standard Possession Order (SPO) is the default visitation schedule set by the Texas Family Code. It typically grants the non-custodial parent visitation on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th weekends of each month, Thursday evenings during the school year, alternating holidays, and extended summer vacations. The SPO is designed to balance and maintain a consistent relationship between the child and both parents. However, it can be modified to better fit the specific needs of a family. For more detailed information, you can visit the Texas Attorney General's website.

  • Yes, the Standard Possession Order can be modified to suit the unique needs of the family involved. Parents can work together to create a schedule that better serves their children's interests. This flexibility allows for adjustments based on factors like the child’s age, the parents' work schedules, and any geographical considerations. If both parents agree on modifications, it's generally favored by the court. Otherwise, a judge will decide based on the child's best interests.

  • Custom possession arrangements are tailored schedules that accommodate specific family circumstances that don’t align with the Standard Possession Order. These arrangements consider factors such as the children’s developmental needs, parents’ work schedules, geographic distance between homes, and any special needs or extracurricular activities of the children. Custom arrangements should focus on the children’s best interests and usually involve compromises from both parents to ensure meaningful time with their children.

  • To create a custom possession arrangement, parents should consider the age and needs of their children, their own work schedules and availability, the distance between their homes, and any special circumstances affecting their children. It is important to approach these arrangements with a focus on the children's best interests and be open to compromise and creative solutions. If parents can agree on a schedule, it is generally looked upon favorably by the courts.

  • If parents cannot agree on a possession schedule, the court will intervene and make a decision based on the evidence presented and the best interests of the child. The court’s primary concern is to ensure that the child maintains meaningful relationships with both parents while prioritizing the child’s well-being.

  • When deciding on a possession schedule, parents should consider the child's age and developmental needs, each parent's work schedule and availability, the distance between the parents' homes, and any special needs or extracurricular activities of the child. The focus should always be on what arrangement serves the best interests of the child.

  • Yes, possession orders can influence child support obligations. The time each parent spends with the child can be a factor in determining the amount of child support one parent may be required to pay. For more specific guidance, consulting with a legal expert is recommended.

  • The court considers various factors to determine the best interest of the child, including the physical and emotional needs of the child, the ability of each parent to provide for those needs, the stability of each parent's home environment, and the child's relationship with each parent.

  • Yes, possession orders are enforceable legal documents. If one parent fails to comply with the terms of the possession order, the other parent can seek legal recourse through the court system to enforce the order and ensure compliance.

  • If a parent is not following the possession order, the other parent can file a motion with the court to enforce the order. It is advisable to document any instances of non-compliance and seek legal advice to understand the best course of action.

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FAQs on Navigating Divorce in Texas

To file for divorce in Texas, you or your spouse must meet specific residency conditions. You need to have lived in Texas for at least six months prior to filing. Additionally, you must reside in the county where you plan to file for a minimum of 90 days. These requirements help determine the appropriate jurisdiction for your case. If you are unsure about your residency status or need assistance with filing, consider consulting with a legal expert to ensure you meet all necessary prerequisites.

Yes, Texas allows for no-fault divorces. A no-fault divorce can be filed on the grounds of "insupportability," meaning that the marriage has become insupportable due to discord or conflict of personalities, with no reasonable expectation of reconciliation. This type of divorce can often be simpler because it doesn't require proving the fault of either party. However, if there are disputes regarding child custody, property division, or other issues, legal guidance might be necessary to navigate these complexities.

In Texas, there's a mandatory 60-day waiting period from the date of filing for divorce before it can be finalized. This waiting period is designed to allow both parties time to reflect and possibly reconcile or reach an agreement. However, the entire divorce process can take significantly longer, especially if there are contested issues such as child custody or asset division. On average, an uncontested divorce may be resolved in a few months, while contested cases can extend to a year or more. Consulting with a divorce attorney can provide a clearer timeline based on your specific circumstances.

Texas is a community property state, meaning that most assets acquired during the marriage are considered jointly owned and subject to division. The court will typically divide these assets in a manner deemed just and right, which doesn't necessarily mean equal. Factors such as each spouse's earning capacity, contributions to the marriage, and custody of children can influence the division. It's crucial to have a comprehensive list of all assets and liabilities to ensure a fair division. Legal advice can be invaluable in understanding and negotiating your rights in this process.

Organizing financial documents is crucial for a fair division of assets. Key documents include bank statements, investment and retirement account records, real estate documents, vehicle titles, credit card statements, loan documents, and recent tax returns. Gathering these documents helps provide a clear picture of marital assets and liabilities, which is essential for negotiations and court proceedings. If you're unsure where to start, a financial advisor or attorney specializing in divorce can guide you through the documentation process.

Legal guidance is crucial in ensuring that your rights and interests are protected throughout the divorce process. An experienced attorney can provide advice on legal requirements, help with asset division, negotiate custody arrangements, and represent your interests in court. They can also assist in understanding complex legal jargon and making informed decisions. Engaging legal counsel early can prevent costly mistakes and ensure a smoother, more efficient divorce process.

Yes, alternatives such as mediation and collaborative divorce are available in Texas. Mediation involves a neutral third party helping both spouses reach a mutually agreeable settlement. Collaborative divorce is a process where both parties, along with their attorneys, work together to resolve issues without court intervention. These methods can be less adversarial, more private, and often quicker and less expensive than traditional litigation. Discussing these options with a legal professional can help determine if they are suitable for your situation.

In Texas, child custody is referred to as "conservatorship" and can be either joint or sole. Courts consider the child's best interests, looking at factors such as each parent's ability to care for the child, the child's preferences, and any history of family violence. Joint conservatorship is common, allowing both parents to share decision-making responsibilities, though not necessarily equal physical custody. Legal guidance is essential in navigating custody arrangements to ensure the best outcome for your children.

In Texas, child custody is referred to as "conservatorship" and can be either joint or sole. Courts consider the child's best interests, looking at factors such as each parent's ability to care for the child, the child's preferences, and any history of family violence. Joint conservatorship is common, allowing both parents to share decision-making responsibilities, though not necessarily equal physical custody. Legal guidance is essential in navigating custody arrangements to ensure the best outcome for your children.

Protecting your financial interests involves being proactive about understanding and organizing your financial situation. Start by listing all assets and debts, and gather comprehensive financial documentation. Consider consulting with a financial advisor to assess your current and post-divorce financial needs. Legal advice is also critical to ensure a fair division of assets and to address any potential disputes. Proper planning and professional guidance can help safeguard your financial future during and after the divorce process.

To initiate a divorce in Texas, you must file an Original Petition for Divorce with the district court in the county where you or your spouse resides. The petition outlines the grounds for divorce and any initial requests regarding child custody, property division, and support. After filing, you'll need to serve your spouse with the divorce papers. Consulting with an attorney before filing can help ensure that your petition is accurate and comprehensive, laying the groundwork for a smoother divorce process.

FAQs on Navigating Divorce in Texas

To file for divorce in Texas, you or your spouse must meet specific residency conditions. You need to have lived in Texas for at least six months prior to filing. Additionally, you must reside in the county where you plan to file for a minimum of 90 days. These requirements help determine the appropriate jurisdiction for your case. If you are unsure about your residency status or need assistance with filing, consider consulting with a legal expert to ensure you meet all necessary prerequisites.

Yes, Texas allows for no-fault divorces. A no-fault divorce can be filed on the grounds of "insupportability," meaning that the marriage has become insupportable due to discord or conflict of personalities, with no reasonable expectation of reconciliation. This type of divorce can often be simpler because it doesn't require proving the fault of either party. However, if there are disputes regarding child custody, property division, or other issues, legal guidance might be necessary to navigate these complexities.

In Texas, there's a mandatory 60-day waiting period from the date of filing for divorce before it can be finalized. This waiting period is designed to allow both parties time to reflect and possibly reconcile or reach an agreement. However, the entire divorce process can take significantly longer, especially if there are contested issues such as child custody or asset division. On average, an uncontested divorce may be resolved in a few months, while contested cases can extend to a year or more. Consulting with a divorce attorney can provide a clearer timeline based on your specific circumstances.

Texas is a community property state, meaning that most assets acquired during the marriage are considered jointly owned and subject to division. The court will typically divide these assets in a manner deemed just and right, which doesn't necessarily mean equal. Factors such as each spouse's earning capacity, contributions to the marriage, and custody of children can influence the division. It's crucial to have a comprehensive list of all assets and liabilities to ensure a fair division. Legal advice can be invaluable in understanding and negotiating your rights in this process.

Organizing financial documents is crucial for a fair division of assets. Key documents include bank statements, investment and retirement account records, real estate documents, vehicle titles, credit card statements, loan documents, and recent tax returns. Gathering these documents helps provide a clear picture of marital assets and liabilities, which is essential for negotiations and court proceedings. If you're unsure where to start, a financial advisor or attorney specializing in divorce can guide you through the documentation process.

Legal guidance is crucial in ensuring that your rights and interests are protected throughout the divorce process. An experienced attorney can provide advice on legal requirements, help with asset division, negotiate custody arrangements, and represent your interests in court. They can also assist in understanding complex legal jargon and making informed decisions. Engaging legal counsel early can prevent costly mistakes and ensure a smoother, more efficient divorce process.

Yes, alternatives such as mediation and collaborative divorce are available in Texas. Mediation involves a neutral third party helping both spouses reach a mutually agreeable settlement. Collaborative divorce is a process where both parties, along with their attorneys, work together to resolve issues without court intervention. These methods can be less adversarial, more private, and often quicker and less expensive than traditional litigation. Discussing these options with a legal professional can help determine if they are suitable for your situation.

In Texas, child custody is referred to as "conservatorship" and can be either joint or sole. Courts consider the child's best interests, looking at factors such as each parent's ability to care for the child, the child's preferences, and any history of family violence. Joint conservatorship is common, allowing both parents to share decision-making responsibilities, though not necessarily equal physical custody. Legal guidance is essential in navigating custody arrangements to ensure the best outcome for your children.

In Texas, child custody is referred to as "conservatorship" and can be either joint or sole. Courts consider the child's best interests, looking at factors such as each parent's ability to care for the child, the child's preferences, and any history of family violence. Joint conservatorship is common, allowing both parents to share decision-making responsibilities, though not necessarily equal physical custody. Legal guidance is essential in navigating custody arrangements to ensure the best outcome for your children.

Protecting your financial interests involves being proactive about understanding and organizing your financial situation. Start by listing all assets and debts, and gather comprehensive financial documentation. Consider consulting with a financial advisor to assess your current and post-divorce financial needs. Legal advice is also critical to ensure a fair division of assets and to address any potential disputes. Proper planning and professional guidance can help safeguard your financial future during and after the divorce process.

To initiate a divorce in Texas, you must file an Original Petition for Divorce with the district court in the county where you or your spouse resides. The petition outlines the grounds for divorce and any initial requests regarding child custody, property division, and support. After filing, you'll need to serve your spouse with the divorce papers. Consulting with an attorney before filing can help ensure that your petition is accurate and comprehensive, laying the groundwork for a smoother divorce process.